Phase Three: Planning
Overview
The Planning phase is the entry-point for the LDN counterbalancing mechanism, which necessitates an accurate representation of the relevant land types and their productive potential. Planning must also take into account long-term efficacy of counterbalancing measures and ensure that planning follows the LDN hierarchy: avoid > reduce > reverse. Political considerations, particularly land ownership, play a decisive role in land allocation and re-allocation in the planning phase.
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Tool |
Description |
Source |
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Restoration Opportunities Optimization Tool (ROOT) |
Optimization tool developed by IUCN that supports selection of areas for restoration of ecosystem services |
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LADA Local Assessment tool |
Process-oriented tool facilitating stakeholder participation and ownership of planning and implementation process by providing categorization and selection mechanism of activities based on local needs, resources |
Microsoft Word - Local_manual_Part_2_final.doc (ipcinfo.org) |
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LUP4LDN |
Participatory land use planning tool that integrates LDN and is applicable to all LUP phases |
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Adapted land use optimisation tool |
Adapted land use optimization toolincorporating land use quota system (specific to the Chinese planning context), based on three land use scenarios |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 63-4 |
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Collect Earth |
Open-source satellite image viewing and interpretation system providing land cover and land use reference data for classifying and monitoring land |
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SEPAL |
System for land monitoring w/ access to earth observation data, processing and analysis, suitable for local needs |
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MapX |
Open-source cloud-based database (geospatial/earth observation data) for mapping and monitoring sustainable use of natural resources |
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WOCAT Earth Engine Apps |
Set of spatially-explicit tools that help identify priority areas for implementation of sustainable management practices and integration of indicators for monitoring and evaluation; specific to LDN |
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CLUMondo model |
Tool for modelling future land use patterns based on LDN targets (incorporating counterbalancing mechanism) |
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Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) |
Erosion models that require limited data input and are not region-specific |
Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) - Welcome to RUSLE 1 and RUSLE 2 : USDA ARS |
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Pan European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (PESERA) |
Similar to RUSLE, but potentially more accurate |
Pan European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment - PESERA - ESDAC - European Commission (europa.eu) |
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LAND System Cellular Automata model for Potential Effects (LANDSCAPE) |
Tool for quantitative modelling different strategies to reaching LDN (includes degradation and restoration modelling) |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 114 / A CA-based land system change model: LANDSCAPE: International Journal of Geographical Information Science: Vol 31, No 9 (tandfonline.com) |
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Computable General Equilibrium of Land Use Change (CGELUC) |
Models detailed land demand and supply scenarios (non-spatial), can support spatially-explicit tools to provide context to LDN goal-setting/visioning |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 114 / 20171229202000959983.pdf (pku.edu.cn) |
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Analytical Hierarchy Process tool |
Common multi-criteria analysis tool that uses pairwise comparisons to support identification of the best alternative and of relative importance of different criteria; useful for identifying most suitable land management options to satisfy stakeholder objectives |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 114 / AHP Online System - AHP-OS (bpmsg.com) |
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Multi-Attribute Utility Theory |
Multi-criteria analysis tool that addresses complex decision problems and multi-stakeholder negotiations |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 114-5 |
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Outranking tools |
Use pairwise comparison to rank alternative plans; criteria importance is defined subjectively by stakeholders while performance of alternatives is determined by objective measurement of attributes for each criterion |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 115 |
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Hierarchical tools |
Suitability analysis evaluates where land uses occur and conflict with one another; followed by priority-ranked allocation of land use |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 115 |
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Goal programming tool |
Find solution that conforms as much as possible with predefined optimal solution and furthest distance from worst case |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 115-6 |
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Evolutionary algorithms |
Successive generations of algorithms develop refined land use plans via selection, crossover, mutation |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 116 / Introduction to Evolutionary Algorithms | by Devin Soni | Towards Data Science |
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Global Agro-Ecological Zoning (GAEZ) |
Modelling framework that assesses natural resources for finding suitable agricultural land use options |
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Earth Observation for the SDGs (EO4SDGs) |
Presents information on the potential for EO to contribute to SDGs w/ example cases |
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Participatory Scenario Analysis |
Visualization of different scenarios, ranging from best to worst cases, explored and negotiated in a group setting; goal is reaching common ground among stakeholders |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 117 / Participatory scenario analysis for integrated regional modelling - ScienceDirect |
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Resilience Diagnostic and Decision Support Tool (RDDST) |
Process-oriented tool the facilitates knowledge-sharing between different groups involved in planning |