Phase Five: Monitoring and Evaluation
Overview
LDN monitoring is based on three sub-indicators, land cover trend, land productivity, and soil organic carbon stocks. Complementary indicators are recommended to develop a comprehensive understanding of land health. Monitoring and evaluation focus on identifying extenuating factors that may influence planning outcomes, and adjust plans accordingly in the next planning cycle.
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Tool |
Description |
Source |
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Trends.Earth |
EO data tool used to assess the status of the three LDN indicators, both for initial assessment and monitoring of implementation progress |
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Visual Soil/Vegetation Guides |
Support expert judgement for rapid assessment of land condition (quality dependent on expert experience); produce estimations, not measurements |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 112 |
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Siting Tool |
Combines spatial assessment and field measurements; desk study identifies optimal sampling sites or local of sensitive areas for a range of indicators; can be used to identify hotspots of change for further investigation to reveal underlying drivers |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 112 |
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WOCAT-LADA-DESIRE Mapping Tool |
Tool facilitating systematic assessment by local experts encompassing key indicators and additional region-specific indicators (biophysical, socio-economic); both for initial assessment and monitoring of implementation progress |
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LandPKS |
Crowd-sourcing tool allowing participants to autonomously enter observations/knowledge in a web application, for initial appraisal and monitoring (feedback from local stakeholders) |
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LUP4LDN |
Participatory land use planning tool that integrates LDN and is applicable to all LUP phases |
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Transect Walks |
Tool wherein experts and locals travel through an area, documenting landscape/land profile on a map (incl. land degradation extent) |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 116 / Tool Name: Transect walk (worldbank.org) |
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Questionnaire on Sustainable Land Management Technologies |
Surveying tool and database to gather data on available land management technologies and their implementation; Involves interviewing land users on technology applicability and impact, inputs and costs + natural, human environment |
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Locality mapping |
Stakeholders individually/as a group map out a geographic unit containing boundaries and key features; final map contains features agreed upon by all stakeholders via discussion |
Locality Mapping | SSWM - Find tools for sustainable sanitation and water management! |
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Context and community mapping |
Similar to locality mapping, but begins with expert mapping of land cover, incl. key uses, based on aerial imagery of area; local farmers then provide key points of interest on maps/satellite images (e.g. relating to land tenure); Alternative: Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration framework |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 117 |
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Focus groups |
Tool for compiling local land use knowledge and related aspects (incl. Land degradation); can be supported by visual representation of land degradation indicator trends |
SPI Objective 1 Technical Report_Advance Copy_Final_6May2022.pdf (unccd.int) - pp 117 |
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Collect Earth |
Open-source satellite image viewing and interpretation system providing land cover and land use reference data for classifying and monitoring land |
Collect Earth - Desktop Version Collect Earth - Online Version |
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SEPAL |
System for land monitoring w/ access to earth observation data, processing and analysis, suitable for local needs |
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MapX |
Open-source cloud-based database (geospatial/earth observation data) for mapping and monitoring sustainable use of natural resources |
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WOCAT Earth Engine Apps |
Set of spatially-explicit tools that help identify priority areas for implementation of sustainable management practices and integration of indicators for monitoring and evaluation; specific to LDN |
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Evaluating Land Management Options (ELMO) |
Tool for assessing farmers’ preferences and perceptions of pros, cons, and tradeoffs between different land management practices (participatory stakeholder engagement tool) |
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Earth Observation for the SDGs (EO4SDGs) |
Presents information on the potential for EO to contribute to SDGs w/ example cases |